ERISA & Employee Benefits
Relentless legal advocates protecting retirement savings.
Hardworking people should enjoy the full fruits of their retirement benefits. When corporate mismanagement interferes, our attorneys step in.
Our nationally acclaimed class action attorneys represent employees, retirees, plan participants and beneficiaries seeking to recover losses due to plan mismanagement. Our team spearheads cutting-edge litigation brought under the federal Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA). Employees work hard for their benefits, so we work hard to protect their retirement savings and health benefits.
Litigating ERISA cases requires the ability to navigate the intricate federal laws and regulations governing employee benefit plans. Our team is experienced in tackling these complexities, whether it’s addressing mismanagement of plan assets, breaches of fiduciary duties, excessive fees, or disputes over plan provisions.
Plans Covered by ERISA
Federal law requires that retirement plans and health plans be managed in the best interest of the employees and retirees who participate in these plans. Through cutting-edge class actions, we address the mismanagement of retirement plans and health plans governed by ERISA, including:
- ESOPs: Short for Employee Stock Ownership Plans, ESOPs are a type of retirement plan that gives employees ownership in the company for which they work. Instead of saving money in a 401(k), workers in an ESOP own shares of the company that employs them. In theory, ESOPs are meant to give workers a real stake in their company’s success. But they only work if the shares are bought and valued fairly. If not, employees can end up with far less than they deserve for their years of hard work.
- 401(k) plans : These retirement plans, offered by many employers, allow employees to put aside part of their paycheck—before taxes are taken out—into an investment account to save for retirement. A 401(k) is one of the most common way Americans save for retirement—and unlike an ESOP, you don’t need to own company stock. You choose how your money is invested, and it stays with you, even if you change jobs. But when 401(k) plans contain underperforming funds or expensive fees, employees’ retirement savings suffer.
- Pension benefit plans: Traditional pension benefit plans, also known as “defined benefit plans,” typically provide a specific monthly pension payment for life, or a single “lump-sum” payment of all benefits at once, after retirement. Sometimes these benefits can be unlawfully forfeited or reduced.
- Health plans: Plans that provide health insurance and prescription drug benefits are also protected by ERISA. These plans can be mismanaged or saddled with excessive fees, driving up healthcare costs.
Federal law sets standards for plans to safeguard the interests of participants and their beneficiaries. ERISA class actions allow individuals to join together to assert their right to a secure retirement.
Our ERISA Litigation Record
Our employee benefits lawyers have led some of the most significant ERISA-related litigation in recent times, including Supreme Court cases. Precedent-setting decisions include:
- Beacon Madoff ERISA Litigation: We acted as ERISA counsel for a certified class which settled its claims for $219 million. This sum amounted to 70 percent of the class members’ out-of-pocket losses. The judge praised the settlement, describing the outcome as “extraordinary” and lauding the “hard work” done by plaintiffs’ counsel, including Cohen Milstein.
- Becker v. Wells Fargo & Co.: We represented Wells Fargo employees in this class action lawsuit alleging that Wells Fargo improperly filled its 401(k) plan with affiliated funds. Our employee benefits attorneys secured a $32.5 million settlement for the class in one of the largest ever ERISA settlements involving the inclusion of affiliated funds in a 401(k) plan.
- Protecting the Right to Sue in Court: Plan administrators sometimes try to avoid accountability by putting arbitration clauses in retirement plans or employment agreements. These clauses can hinder the pursuit of justice by purporting to prevent workers from suing on behalf of their plan in court or representing other people in the plan. We have achieved precedent-setting decisions before the Third, Seventh, and Tenth Circuits rejecting Defendants’ attempts to force ERISA class actions into individual arbitration. On October 10, 2023, the United States Supreme Court declined to review our 10th Circuit win in Harrison v. Envision Management Holding, Inc. Boards of Directors, et al. (D. Col.). In addition to these three appellate victories, to date, Cohen Milstein has won decisions striking down arbitration and class waivers in five district courts.
Litigating ERISA cases requires a thorough understanding of complex legal issues and the ability to navigate the intricate federal laws and regulations governing employee benefit plans. These cases often require comprehensive investigations and strategic legal planning concerning how large corporations and fiduciaries are managing retirement or savings plans. Our team is experienced in tackling these complexities, whether it’s addressing mismanagement of plan assets, breaches of fiduciary duties, excessive fees, or disputes over plan provisions. We also have the experience and ability to represent employees who have purchased overvalued stock in ESOPs and 401(k) retirement plans, thanks to our work in the areas of securities fraud and investor litigation.
We provide expert guidance and advocacy to our clients at every step of the litigation to ensure their rights are defended throughout the process. By combining legal expertise with a commitment to justice, we ensure our clients have the best chance of recovering their losses and securing their financial future.
Our lawyers are regularly recognized for their work in this field. For example:
- We were named ERISA Practice Group of the Year by Law360 in 2022, 2021, and 2019.
- We were top-ranked by Chambers for ERISA litigation in 2025, 2024, 2023, and 2022.
- The head of our practice group, Michelle Yau, was named ERISA MVP by Law360 in 2024 and 2021 and to the Elite Women of the Plaintiffs Bar in 2025.
Current Cases
Western Milling ESOP Litigation
Zavala v. Kruse-Western Inc. et al. (E.D. Cal.): We represent participants and beneficiaries of the Western Milling Employee Stock Ownership Plan, who allege that the ESOP’s trustees breached their fiduciary duties by engaging in risky investments in violation of ERISA, including purchasing 100% of Kruse-Western, Inc. company stock, which was valued at approximately 90% of the purchase price for several years after the ESOP Transaction.
AT&T Pension Benefit Plan Litigation
Scott, et al. v. AT&T Inc. (N.D. Cal.): Cohen Milstein represents participants and beneficiaries in the AT&T Pension Benefit Plan who allege that AT&T failed comply with ERISA’s actuarial equivalence requirements when providing married participants joint and survivor annuities.
Envision Management Holding, Inc. ESOP Litigation
Harrison v. Envision Management Holding, Inc. Board of Directors, et al. (D. Col.): Cohen Milstein represents Envision Management Holding ESOP participants, who allege the ESOP purchased Envision Management Holding stock at an inflated price, causing a multi-million-dollar loss to the ESOP. On February 9, 2023, A three-judge panel for the Tenth Circuit, in a 41-page published opinion, sided with Plaintiffs’ argument, which was backed up by a U.S. Department of Labor amicus brief, that an arbitration provision tucked in Envision workers’ ESOP plan impermissibly blocked remedies under ERISA, triggering an exemption in the Federal Arbitration Act, which permits a court to overrule an arbitration agreement if it blocks a party from being able to bring claims under federal law. On October 10, 2023, the U.S. Supreme Court denied Defendants’ petition to review the Tenth Circuit’s decision, thereby affirming the lower court’s March 24, 2022 ruling, which denied Defendants’ motion to compel arbitration.
Past Cases
Beacon/Madoff ERISA Litigation
In re Beacon Association Litigation (S.D.N.Y.): Cohen Milstein represented the trustees and participants of ERISA-covered employee benefit plans whose assets were invested by Beacon Associates LLC I and Beacon Associates LLC II (the “Feeder Funds”) in and lost money by investment the investment schemes of Bernard L. Madoff, Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities, LLC. On March 15, 2013, the court granted final approval of a $219 million settlement to reimburse defrauded investors.
Dignity Health Church Plan Litigation
Rollins, et al. v. Dignity Health, et al. (N.D. Cal.): Cohen Milstein represented a certified class of defined benefit participants, who alleged that Dignity Health was improperly claiming that its pension plans were exempt from ERISA because they were “church plans.” As a result, it underfunded its plans by over $1.2 billion. In 2016, the Supreme Court agreed to hear arguments on consolidated church plan cases, and in June 2017, it reversed previous rulings and ordered plaintiffs, in this case, to file an amended complaint. On July 15, 2022, the Court granted final approval of a $100 million settlement.
T. Rowe Price 401(k) Litigation
Feinberg v. T. Rowe Price Group Inc. et al. (D. Md.): Cohen Milstein represented participants in the T. Rowe Price 401(k) plan, who alleged that plan fiduciaries violated ERISA, causing plan participants to pay millions of dollars in illicit fees. Plaintiffs alleged that T. Rowe Price only offered it’s own in-house investment funds in the 401(k), failed to offer the lowest cost versions of those funds, and failed to consider funds from other companies that offered lower fees or better performance. On July 6, 2022 the Court granted final approval of a $7 million settlement.